Rotary internal-combustion engine.



Q NLP/mouw. ROTARY INTERNM. COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPucAT-loN-HLEU APR. 16 w12. Y Y

' Patented Sept. 12,1916.

' 3 SHEETS-SHEET 1 j @M 1 /u/ez/z for( N. s. mnnocn.

ROTARY INTERML somusnn ENGINE.

APPLICATION. HLED APK. i5. IN2. t, l 979658, i 4Patented Sept.' 12,l19H3.

"3 anims-SHEET 3.

www @M NATHAN J. PADDOCK, OF JERSEY CITY, NEW JERSEY.

ROTARY INTERNAL-COMBU'STI-ON ENGINE.

To all ywhom t may concern:

^ Be it known that I, NATHAN J. PADDOCK, a citizen of the United States,residing at Jersey City, county of Hudson, and State of New Jersey, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Rotary Internal-Combustion Engines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to an improved rotary internal combustion engine,the object being to provide an engine of this character that is composedof a plurality of cylinders mounted upon a rotatable support or disk.The disk is rotated, and the cylinders mounted therefrom are carriedaround by the explosion of a combustible mixture of gas andr air in oneor more of the cylinders. The engine is so arranged that, during therotation or movement of the disk by an eX- plosion in one or more of thecylinders, c er` tain other of the cylinders will exhaust and certainothers take in a. fresh mixture Iand compress. i

In the accompanying drawings, which illustrate one embodiment of myinvention, Figure 1 illustrates a sectional side view of my improvedengine; Fig. 2 is a sectional plan view, the section being taken on aline 2-2 in Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a sectional plan view, the section beingtaken 4on a line 3-3 in Fig. 1; Figs. 1," 5 and 6 are diagrammatic viewsof the commencementof air intake stroke, the end thereof and the end ofa compression stroke respectively; Fig. 7 is an enlarged detail end viewof the intake valve and casing; and Fig.'8 is an enlarged detail view ofthe manner of securing the intake valve operating spring to the leverfor the abutment piston.

Referring to Figs. 1, 2 and 3, my improved engine comprises a rotatabledisk 1 which is secured t a rotatable hollow shaft 2 by means of a key3, the said disk beingV held in position on said key'by means of plates1 which are secured to the disk 1. In

order to block oft' the bore 5 in the shaft 2, I provide a partition 6,the blocking off of theJ bore 5 provides two chambers, one 5a for aironly, and the other. 5b for a mixture The elements which impart movementto the disk 1 consist of cylinders 9, 10 and 11,

Specification of Letters Patent.

' Application filed April 16, 1912.

seriaiNo. 691,143.

Ytogether 'with the pistons 12 and 13 ineach The cylinders are rigidlysecuredf'j cylinder. to the disk 1 in any desirable manner.v

lVhile I have show-n but three cylinders i more may be used if desirableand both sides of the disk 1 can carry cylinders wherebyV more power isobtained. v

The pistons 12 and 13 have secured thereto piston rods 11 and l5respectively, and each 55 i of thesaid piston rods 11 and'15 areslidablyA supported in guides 16 and 17 respectively, 1n a manner showninFig. 3.

The piston rods 11 are each connected by links 1S to levers 19 which inturn arel piv- 70`` otally secured to the disk 1 as at 20. The inner endof the shorter leg of each lever 19 carries a roller 21 which .ridesupon a cam 22.

Each piston rod 15 is connected by a link 23, to a lever 21 pivoted tothe'disk 1 as at 75 25. The inner end of the shorter leg of each lever21 is provided with a roller 2F which rides upon a cam 27. i A l,

By referring toFig. 1, it will be seen that each piston rod 1T 'iscentrally bored as at 3Q 'l i 28 in which bore an oil pipe 29 isslidably fitted. -The pipes 29 lead from an oil-tank 3() which ismounted upon the air drum 31. The air drum 31 communicates with the airchamber in the shaft 2 and air is conducted $5 i from said drinn to'each end of each cylinf der 9, 10 and 11 through ducts 32.

The bore 28 ineach piston rod 17 leafdvsrtov a chamber 33 formed in eachpiston' 13.

The lubrication of the cylinders is obtained l.

by oi'l passing from the oil tank 30, to the I. cylinders through thepipes 29, bore 28 andoil chamber 33 then through openings which leadfrom said oil chamber to the Wall of the c vlinderlf, The oil is forcedLout of the chamber 30 through the pipes 29 byA the force of anexplosionin a 4working cylinder and by centrifugal force'.v Eachcylinderis connected by a' pipe r"35' (see Fig'. 1),. with `the oil tank-30 atyabout the ti1ne"a.,10o

work` stroke is completed, and -just before the exhaust.v ports 36r areopenedthe pipesl 35 willy be uncovered. The remaining pres-'7 sure'inthe cylinder will exert part offrit-.sv l force on the oil in the tank30 whereupon: '.105

some of the said oil will be forced intov the l Patented sea-1 2,1916..,v

other cylinders. In other- Words, at thel f completion of each workingstroke those 'y cylinders which are not acting to turn the disk will belubricated.

110.x As shown in Fig. l, the cylinder 9lis`frat`- its firing point atwhich time? a VContact. '137,'

onv vthe periphery of the disk 1, strikes a brush 38 which is includedin one side of an electrical circuit, a magneto for instance,

Afrom about thepoint B .to the point A, the

piston rod 14 passing npsvard and in contact with the inclined guidingsurface 41a of an abutment 41. lllhen. a piston rod 14 reaches theseating surface of the abutment 41, Which is odset from the inclinedguiding surface 41a thereof, a contact 37 will strike the brush V33 atwhich' time ignition occurs, The-abutment 41 acts as a backing for theexplosion and conseqrently the cylinder will go upwardly causing thedisk torotate. The abutment 42 is located outside the circle describedby the rotating cylinders and piston rods. At about the time that theworking cylinder has completed its stroke,

the next succeeding piston rod 14 Will contact Awith the abutment 41atwhich time Acompression will take place in its cylinder.

Forv instance, when cylinder 9 nishes its stroke, the piston 14 ofcylinder 11 will strike the abutment 41 and start to compress. It Willbe seen by referring to Fig. 1 that each duct l32 has a pipe 43 leadingtherefrom to its adjacent cylinder and through one of the exhaust ports36. When the ex- 4haust ports are uncovered, air will flow lthrough thepipe 43 into .the cylinder. The inflow of air will extinguish any flamethat mayremain in theA cylinder, and also will scavenge the cylinder,Should the cylinder heads be carbonized and hold lire, the air Willextinguish the said iire, whereby premature explosion will bepreventedwhen a v fresh mixture is drawn in.

The cylinders and heads are cooled by the 'flow' ofair from the inturnedends of the ducts 32 asfhas been stated, the cylinder 9 1n y Fig., 1 isshown at the iiring point, the cylinder -10 at the :exhaust point andthe cylinder 11 at the commencement of the intake stroke. For V'the sakeoi: clearness, 1 will term the pistons 12 pump pistons and the pistons13 abutment4 pistons. The abutment pistons are operated to movelongitudinally into the cylinders bythe cam 27, Whilethe pump pis-V tonsare operated to move longitudinally into the cylinders by the cam 22.

At about the time that the cylinder 9 reaches the end of its drehe, theroller 26 will strike the inclined `surface 44 of the cani 27, the pumppiston 12 Will'at this time be at theJ end 45 of the cylinder 9. Theexhaust ports' 36 will then be in com- 65 v:umnication with the .spacebetween the two to escape. When the roller 26'strikes the linclinedsurface` 44, the lever 24 Will rock and move the abutment piston 13toward the pump piston 12 thereby forcing the gases out of the cylinder.The position of cylinder 10 illustrates this point. A little furthermovement of the disk will cause the roller 21 to strike the small camsurface 45n of the cam 22 which will cause the lever 19 to rock and move.the piston 12. or pump piston, to cover the exhaust ports 36. Duringthis action the abutment piston 13 has not moved in its cylinder, butthe roller 26 on its lever 24 has left the cam 27 and the other roller46 on the said lever 24 has come in contact with a cam block 47. (Theblock 47 is shown in dotted lines in Fig. 1 diagrammatically, but isshown in full lines in Figs. 2 'and 3 Which show the said cam block asmounted on one of the bearings 48 for the shaft 2.) Cyl-` inder 11illustrates the position above referred to.

When the roller 46 on the lever 24 rides upon the cam 47, the abutmentpiston will be drawn ormoved to the end 49 of its cylinder, WhichactionWill draw in an explosive mixture from the drum 5G through the duct 5'1and valve casing 52. The valve casing communicates with an intake port53 in each -cylinder (see Fig. 4) which in turn is controlled by a valve54.

The valve 54 is operated by the lever 24 by means of a resilient or flatspring rod 55 carried by said lever, so that said rod is given areciprocating motion (Fig. 1). Said spring rod is provided With rollers56 and 57 (see Fig. 4) which act upon a pivotal latch 58 having an arm59 for closing the valve, an arm 60 for opening the valve, and an arm 61which has a pin-and-slot connection With the valve for actuating it.When the valve 54 is closed, which it Will be at all times exceptingjustl after a cylinder has left the position shown by cylinder 11 inFig. 1, the roller 57 Will be positioned only part of the time as shownin Fig. 5 and as indicated. in Fig. 1, or between the arm 59 and flange62 on the valve casing. When the roller 57 is located asiabovedescribed, the valve is kept closed, and the said roller Will be in thesaid position atthe time of an ignition. When, however, a roller 26strikes the inclined surface 44, and a lever 24 is rockedto move thepiston'13 inwardly toward the piston 12, the spring rod 55 Will f 4 movealso, and carry the roller 57 awayA from the latch 58, and to the rstdotted position shown in Fig. 4, into a guide block 63, which maintainsthe spring in substantially its normal position, until the said roller'reaches the second .dotted .position shown in Fig. 4 and leaves theguide block. The spring rod 55 will thenbe in the posiftioiwnlinfull-lines in Fig. 4. At about 13@ it outwardly, thereby opening thevalve.

During -the intake stroke ot' the piston 1 3, the. spring rod .55 willmove back with .the lever Q4 and will gradually be bent toward itsnormal position and put under tension by means of the block 6l on thelever 24.

This tension will direct the roller 57 in between cam block 63 and thestem of valve 54, and bring said roller in substantial alineiiieiit withthe space between flange 52 and arm 59. Just before the lever 24 reachesthe end of its return stroke, the roller 5Tv will strike the arm 59, andclose the valve; this action takes place while the cylinder is runningfrom C tovB. Theblock 65 on the lever Q-l tends to reverse the tensionof the spring rod 55 b v pressing upon it when the lever 24 movesforward.

vThe valve casing 52'is provided with a valve 6T which closes theopening in the duct 51 when the .valve 5l is closed. `IVlieii the valve54 opens, the valve 6T will also be openedby the suction of the piston.IThe valve 6T is closed by a flat spring 68. The intake valve port 53 islocated at the exhaust end of the cylinder so that when explosion takesplace, it is not open to the explosion chamber, and hence no back firingcan take place. I

It will be noticed that there aie a number of exhaust ports 36. When theexhaust occurs there will be no sharp reports, asin the ordinaryvinternal combustion engine, but more of a silent puff. During thecompression period of the engine, the roller 21 will ride upon the cam22 and force the piston 1Q toward the piston 13. The shaft 2 may beprovided with gears 66 for the transmission of power.

Obviously this invention is susceptible of various modifications.' asparts may be omitted, parts added and parts altered, without departingfrom the broad scope and spirit of the invention.

I'Vhat I claim as new is l. In a rotary internal combustion engine, thecombination of a hollow rotary shaft divided into vtwo chambers forrespectively receiving the explosive mixture and cooling air, cylinderscarried by said shaft and to which said chambers lead, and meansoperated h v the explosions in said cylinders, for rotating said shaft.v.

In an internal combustion engine, the combination of a cylinder mountedforl rotary movement, means for closing one end of said cylinder, acompression pistonoper- 'able inthe opposite end, said oppositeen'dhaving an exhaust openingcontrolled by said piston, an abutment for saidpiston at the timeof explosion, an incline leading to said abutment toimpart a compressing movement to said piston, and 'movable means foracting on said pistonl to shut ot said exhaustbetoresaidl incline actson said piston. v

In an internal combustion engine',.the combination of a rotary shaft,`aplurality of cylinders mounted thereon, each of said cylinders beingopen at b otli ends, two 'pistons operable in each of. said cylinders,one

for compressing the explosive 'mixture and one for forcing out thebui'nedfgasesfsaid` pistons constituting end-closures tor saidcylinders` mechanism tor niovingthe coin'- pression pistonspreliiiiinarily to cut oilI l'theA exhaust, and means associated withlsaid shaft' to cause said compression pistons tov compress and theother pistons to force out the burned gases.

at. In an internal combustion engiiie, 'the' combination of a cylindermounted in a' position tangential to its path of rotation for rotarymovement, and two 'pistons operable in said cylinder one for compressingvthe, ex-

plosive mixture and one for forcing'out the bui-ned gases, and meanscoperating wit'h` said compression piston outside ofthe path of rotationof said compression piston'ti; resistl movement ot' the same at themoment of explosion.

5. In an internal combustion eng`ine,'the combination of a cylindermounted in a position tangential to its pathof rotation for rotarymovement, and two pistons operable in said cylinder, one of saidpistons'be'ing a compression piston, a stationary'abiitnient 'l for oneof said pistons at tlieftiii'ie ot ex- Y plosion, said abutment beinglocated Voutside of the path of rotation of said compression piston, andmeans for operating the other piston to force out the burned gases.

6. In an internal combustion engine, the combination of a cylindermounted for rotary movement, and two pistons operable in said cylinder,an abutment for one ot' said pistons at the time of explosion, anincline leading to saidabutment to impart a compressing movement to saidpiston, and means for operating the other piston to force out the burnedgases.

7. Ina rotary internal combustion engine,l the combination of a rotarysupport, a cylinder mounted on said support, a movable end insaidcylinder, means for controlling-. ,said end, abutment means fixedoutside the path ofv rotation of said cylinder, a piston guided in saidcylinder and adapted to com-' press the explosive mixture and cut offthe exhaust during'expansion, said pistonbeing ""arried by said rotaryin part located on thev opposite opposition to' said a being open' tionaway from said abutment.

, said cylinder,

8. In a rotary internal combustion engine,

the combination of a rotary support, a cylsupport,. abutment indermounted on said means fixed outside the path of rotation of saidcylinder, a piston guided in'said cylinder and adapted to compress theexplosive mixture and clit olf the exhaust during expansion, said pistonbeing carried by said rotary support to a point inopposition to saidabutment, a second piston movable in means for igniting the compressedcharge so that it acts to throw said cylinder and rrotate its support ina direction away from said abutment, and means y for moving said secondpiston to press out the burned gases.

9. In a rotary internal combustion engine,

' the combination of a rotary support, a pluof cylinders lon saidsupport, abutment means xed .outside the path of rotation, means forcompressing the explosive mixture in and exhausting the burned gasesfrom said cylinders, comprising` for 'each cylinder pistons movable inthe ends, means for moving one of id pistons to compress the explosivemixture against the other piston, means for moving the said other pistonto press out the burnedmixture, and means for exploding the mixture insaid cylinder at a time when the first said piston is seated againstsaid abutment.

16.A In an internal combustion engine, the combination of a plurality ofcylinders movable for Work in one direction and each open at both ends,supporting means for said cylinders, two pistons operable in each ralitycombination of viding an cylinder and constituting closures for .said

of the same at the moment lof explosion, andmeans for operating theother 'pistonV of 11. In. a rotary internal combustionl en- 50.. eachcylinder to force out the burned gases.

gine, the combination of a rotary support,

cylinders mounted thereon, two pistons in each cylinder, intake valves,means for ccn-A trolling. the pistons, one `of which serves as a valveto contr rthe exhaust, and meansv for mechanically controllin themovement of the intake valves alone, rom said piston,

controlling means 12. In an internal combination 'of a cylinder mountedfor rotary movement, said cylinder being open at both ends, two pistonsoperable in said cylinder, one for compressing the explosive mixture,and means for acting on the other piston to cause it to travelvsubstantially the length of said cylinder to scavenge the cylinder andimmediately enging to expose substantially the whole of,

"60 combustion engine, the

following the scavthe inner surface of said cylinder to a rush of coolair.

13. In an internalcombustion engine, the.

a cylinder, which 1s open at both ends, an a nular inward 'abutment atone end of said ylinder, said abutment proopeni g which approximates thediameter of said cylinder, and two pistons operable in said cylinder,Ionel for compressing the explosive mixture and the other constituting ascavenging piston, adapted to` receive the shock of the explosion and totransmit it through its `outer edge te said abutment.

' NATHAN J. PADDOCK. lWitnesses:

S. A. Pannoon, ,'Gno. Wx.

